| Scientific name: Epigonus telescopus |  |
| Nome comum: Robaldo-preto; Olhudo; Escamuda; Salmonete-da-fundura |
| Common name: Black cardinalfish |
| Classification: CHORDATA > ACTINOPTERYGII > Perciformes > Epigonidae |
| Description: A small to medium-sized fish, with a stocky body, blunt snout and very large eyes. The mouth is large and oblique. Two separate dorsal fins; the first with spines; the second with a single spine followed by soft rays. The lateral line is complete and extends onto the caudal fin. Brown-violet or black, iridescent in life. |
Global Distribution: Atlantic Ocean and parts of the Indian and West Pacific.
View Map |
| BIOLOGICAL FEATURES |
| Size: Maximum length 75.0 cm (total length); common length 55.0 cm (TL). |
| Age: Maximum reported age 104 years. Common age 35 - 55 years. |
Weight length rel.: Azores (Rosa et al. 2006): a=0.0289, b=2.853, r2=0.977 (n=26).
FishBase: Bayesian estimated length-weight: a=0.02190 (0.01333 - 0.03598), b=2.99 (2.84 - 3.14). |
| Growth type: |
| von Bertallanfy growth parameters: |
| Reproduction: |
| Maturity: 56.0 cm. |
| Behavioural ecology: Non-territorial. |
| Population structure & migrations: |
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| ECOLOGICAL FEATURES |
| Depth range: FishBase: 75 - 1200 m, usually 300 - 800 m. |
| Habitat: Adults benthic or benthopelagic on the continental slopes; juveniles pelagic. Found on soft bottoms. |
| Feeding habits: Carnivorous, feeds on small fishes and planktonic invertebrates. |
| Trophic level: FishBase: 3.3 |
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| FISHERIES |
| Commercial interest: Commercial species. |
| Conservation status: Not evaluated. |
| Nutritional information & food safety: |
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| REFERENCES |
Carpenter K.E., ed. (2002). The living marine resources of the Western Central Atlantic. Volume 3: Bony fishes part 2 (Opistognathidae to Molidae), sea turtles and marine mammals. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes and American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists Special Publication No. 5. FAO, Rome, pp. 1375-2127.
Direcção Regional de Pescas, Madeira.
Froese, R., Pauly D., editors (2011) .FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. www.fishbase.org, (06/2014). www.fishbase.org/summary/Epigonus-telescopus.html
Hureau J.-C., ed. (1984-1985). Fishes of the North-Eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO. Accessed through: Marine Species Identification Portal. World Wide Web electronic publication. http://species-identification.org (2014).
IUCN (2014). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2014.1. www.iucnredlist.org
Rosa A., Menezes G., Melo O., Pinho M.R. (2006). Weight–length relationships of 33 demersal fish species from Azores archipelago. Fisheries Research, 80(2): 329-332. |
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