Description: A grenadier with a large head, short trunk, tapering evenly to a pointed tail. Short blunt snout; eyes moderately large; mouth large, subterminal. Small scales with numerous spinules. Has a light organ between the bases of the outer pelvic finrays. Greyish or brownish, with white mouth. Juveniles exhibit a pattern of large dark spots on a light background.
Global Distribution: Atlantic, Indian and Pacific populations. View Map
BIOLOGICAL FEATURES
Size: Maximum length 60.0 cm (total length); common length 40.0 cm (TL).
Age:
Weight length rel.: Portugal, south coast (Borges et al. 2003): a=0.00075, b=3.280, r2=0.84 (n=82).
Spain, south-west coast (Torres et al. 2012): a=0.6820, b=2.663, r2=0.87 (n=262).
Growth type: Negative allometric (Torres et al. 2012).
von Bertallanfy growth parameters:
Reproduction:
Maturity:
Behavioural ecology:
Population structure & migrations:
ECOLOGICAL FEATURES
Depth range: FishBase: 200 - 1000 m, usually 300 - 750 m.
Habitat: Bathydemersal, on continental and insular slopes.
Feeding habits:
Trophic level: FishBase: 4.2
FISHERIES
Commercial interest: Minor commercial species, mostly taken as by-catch. In the past, fishermen were reported to have used the luminescent excretion from the ventral light organ to enhance baits used in codfishing.
Conservation status: Global: Not evaluated.
Europe: Least concern.
Nutritional information & food safety:
REFERENCES
Borges T.C., Olim S., Erzini K. (2003). Weight–length relationships for fish species discarded in commercial fisheries of the Algarve (southern Portugal). Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 19(6): 394-396.
Cohen D.M., Inada T., Iwamoto T., Scialabba N. (1990). FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Family Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fisheries Synopsis No. 125, Vol. 10. FAO, Rome, 442 pp.
Hureau J.-C., ed. (1984-1985). Fishes of the North-Eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO. Accessed through: Marine Species Identification Portal. World Wide Web electronic publication. http://species-identification.org (2014).
IUCN (2014). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2014.1. www.iucnredlist.org
Nieto A., Ralph G.M., Comeros-Raynal M.T., Kemp J., GarcÃa Criado M., Allen D.J., Dulvy N.K., Walls R.H.L., Russell B., Pollard D., GarcÃa S., Craig M., Collette B.B., Pollom R., Biscoito M., Labbish Chao N., Abella A., Afonso P., Ãlvarez H., Carpenter K.E., Clò S., Cook R., Costa M.J., Delgado J., Dureuil M., Ellis J.R., Farrell E.D., Fernandes P., Florin A-B., Fordham S., Fowle, S., Gil de Sola L., Gil Herrera J., Goodpaster A., Harvey M., Heessen H., Herler J., Jung A., Karmovskaya E., Keskin C., Knudsen S.W., Kobyliansky S., KovaÄić M., Lawson J.M., Lorance P., McCully Phillips S., Munroe T., Nedreaas K., Nielsen J., Papaconstantinou C., Polidoro B., Pollock C.M., Rijnsdorp A.D., Sayer C., Scott J., Serena F., Smith-Vaniz W.F., Soldo A., Stump E., Williams J.T. (2015). Europen Red List of Marine Fishes. IUCN and European Union, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, 90 pp.
Torres M.A., Ramos F., Sobrino I. (2012). Length–weight relationships of 76 fish species from the Gulf of Cadiz (SW Spain). Fisheries Research, 127: 171-175.
